Simultaneous ipsilateral rhabdoid renal cell carcinoma and multifocal urothelial carcinoma of the ureter in a patient from the region of Balkan endemic nephropathy: Case report and literature review

Introduction. Simultaneous ipsilateral coexistence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and upper urinary tract urothelial (UTUC) rarely occurs. Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN) is a chronic degenerative tubulointerstitial disease, strongly associated with UTUC. Case outline. ? 60-year-old man from the region BEN was referred to our clinic due right flank pain, fever, purulent discharge cutaneous fistulous opening in lumbar area. Multislice computed tomography urography scan showed right-side pyonephrosis nephrocutaneous between kidney skin region. Cystoscopy detected papillary tumor protruding ureteric orifice. Right-side nephroureterectomy bladder cuff excision performed. Histopathological examination revealed rhabdoid RCC multifocal ureter. Conclusion. Our case report literature review indicate that rising incidence multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs), when treating patients or UTUC, especially those BEN, one should keep mind likelihood synchronous metachronous occurrence these tumors.